How are language competencies related to comprehension?

Language competencies are essential for comprehension because they encompass the skills necessary to understand and produce language effectively. When students have a firm grasp of vocabulary, grammar, syntax, and phonological awareness, they are more equipped to grasp the meaning of texts, whether they are reading or listening.

If students struggle with language competencies, this often translates to difficulties in understanding what they read or hear. For instance, a limited vocabulary may hinder their ability to comprehend the main idea or details of a story. Similarly, weak grammatical skills might prevent them from understanding complex sentences or the relationships between ideas in a text.

In this way, a solid foundation in language competencies directly supports and enhances a student's ability to comprehend both spoken and written language. This is why the statement about students struggling with these competencies likely struggling with comprehension is accurate and highlights the interconnectedness of language skills and comprehension abilities.